|
The Tristan chord is a chord made up of the notes F, B, D, and G. More generally, it can be any chord that consists of these same intervals: augmented fourth, augmented sixth, and augmented ninth above a bass note. It is so named as it is heard in the opening phrase of Richard Wagner's opera ''Tristan und Isolde'' as part of the leitmotif relating to Tristan. ==Background== The notes of the Tristan chord are not unusual; they could be respelled enharmonically to form a common half-diminished seventh chord. What distinguishes the chord is its unusual relationship to the implied key of its surroundings. Sound sample of these bars (MIDI file) This motif also appears in measures 6, 10, and 12, several times later in the work and at the end of the last act. Much has been written about the Tristan chord's possible harmonic functions or voice leading (melodic function), and the motif has been interpreted in various ways. For instance, Arnold Schering traces the development of the Tristan chord through ten intermediate steps, beginning with the Phrygian cadence (iv6-V) (, ). Martin Vogel points out the "chord" in earlier works by Guillaume de Machaut, Carlo Gesualdo, Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, or Louis Spohr (, cited in ) as in the following example from Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 18, tempo ''allegro'': The chord is found in several works by Fryderyk Chopin, from as early as 1828, in the Sonata in C minor, Op. 4. It is only in late works where tonal ambiguities similar to Wagner's arise, as in the Prelude in A minor, Op. 28, No. 2, and the posthumously published Mazurka in F minor, Op. 68, No. 4 . The Tristan chord's significance is in its move away from traditional tonal harmony, and even towards atonality. With this chord, Wagner actually provoked the ''sound'' or structure of musical harmony to become more predominant than its ''function'', a notion which was soon explored by Debussy and others. In the words of Robert Erickson, "The Tristan chord is, among other things, an identifiable sound, an entity beyond its functional qualities in a tonal organization" . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tristan chord」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|